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April is IBS Awareness Month
by Ian J. Logan, MD
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal system that affects up to one in seven Americans. It is the second most common cause of missed work (the first being the common cold). Many people are undiagnosed, often due to being unaware that their symptoms are abnormal. Some people are also reluctant to see a doctor.
The symptoms of IBS include:
1. abdominal pain or discomfort AND
2. diarrhea OR
3. constipation OR
4. alternating diarrhea and constipation
Other symptoms may include bloating and abdominal distension. Symptoms may not be present all of the time, and many patients experience periods when they feel normal.
IBS is complex condition and the cause is unknown. Potential contributors include increased sensitivity of the bowel, prior gastrointestinal infection, genetic predisposition, stressful life events, food intolerances and changes of intestinal bacteria.There is an increasing body of evidence that suggests a strong connection between the brain and intestines (the so called gut-brain axis). This interaction between brain and gut may explain why periods of stress, anxiety and even depression may worsen symptoms of IBS.
IBS symptoms like bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation can occur in more serious conditions like ulcerative colitis, celiac disease or even colon cancer. Because of these similar symptoms, it is important for patients with these symptoms to seek the care of a physician.
There is no single test for IBS. Diagnosis is only confidently made after other conditions are ruled out with a thorough history, physical examination, and possibly other tests including blood tests, X-rays or even a colonoscopy.
Because the cause of IBS is not the same for all patients, there is no single effective treatment. However, many treatments are available which include education, dietary changes, psychosocial therapies, anti-spasm medications and other medications to help with pain. A recent study has shown that antibiotics and probiotics may also be beneficial. Finally, new treatments are in development and clinical trials with new medications are ongoing.
If you think you may have IBS or were previously diagnosed with IBS and suffer from uncontrolled symptoms, it is important to see a physician. Talk to your doctor about any gastrointestinal symptoms that concern you.
Dr. Logan is a board-certified gastroenterologist who is fellowship trained in gastroenterology and hepatology. He is affiliated with Sutter Medical Group and sees patients at 2068 John Jones Road in Davis.
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